Most people in the United States associate Social Security with retirement. And that’s fair — it’s the most well-known part of the system. But it’s far from the only one. Over the years, Social Security has grown to include a broader safety net that goes beyond those who’ve reached their 60s and are ready to stop working.
In 2025, the Social Security Administration continues to provide several types of benefits that are tied to different life situations. Disability, financial hardship, or the death of a loved one can all make someone eligible for support — even if they’re not thinking about retirement yet. The truth is, many people don’t realize they might qualify for help. Some never apply at all.
It’s worth taking the time to understand what kinds of benefits are available and who can get them. A lot depends on your work history, your health, and your current income. Sometimes, what you thought didn’t apply to you actually does.
What kinds of Social Security benefits are there?
Retirement is just one part. The full picture includes other benefits that are just as important, especially if life doesn’t go as planned. Here’s an overview of what’s available in 2025:
- Retirement benefits. This is the one most people know. If you’ve worked and paid into Social Security for at least ten years, you can start claiming monthly payments as early as age 62. The amount you receive depends on your earnings and the age at which you start collecting.
- Disability benefits (SSDI). If a medical condition prevents you from working — and it’s expected to last a year or longer — you may qualify for SSDI. You’ll need to have worked in the past and earned enough credits. It’s not about age; it’s about health and work history.
- Survivors benefits. When someone who paid into Social Security dies, their family may receive financial support. This can include spouses, children, and even dependent parents in some cases. The benefit amount is based on what the deceased person paid into the system.
- Family benefits. Even if you’re already receiving retirement or disability payments, your spouse or children might be entitled to a monthly check as well. Many families don’t know this. These benefits can help cover everyday expenses and bring a bit more stability to the household.
- Supplemental Security Income (SSI). SSI is different. It’s meant for people with limited income and resources — especially older adults, or those with disabilities or blindness. You don’t need a work record to qualify. The funding comes from general tax revenues, not from Social Security taxes.
- Medicare. This is the health insurance part. It kicks in at age 65 for most people, or earlier if you’ve been on SSDI for at least two years. Medicare isn’t a cash benefit, but it can save you thousands in healthcare costs.
Each program has its own rules, and not everyone will qualify for every benefit. But it’s worth checking, especially if your situation has changed.
How to know if you qualify — and what to do next
The easiest way to find out what you might be eligible for is to open a my Social Security account at ssa.gov. You’ll be able to see your earnings record, estimated benefit amounts, and whether you’re on track for retirement or other support.
It’s a good idea to check your information regularly — not just once. Things change. A health issue, a job loss, or a death in the family can affect what you’re entitled to. And if you’re already receiving one benefit, there may be others your family can access.
In the end, Social Security is more than a retirement plan. It’s a complex system meant to offer protection through life’s unexpected turns. Understanding it — really understanding it — can help you make smarter decisions and avoid missing out on help that’s already there, waiting.